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Accessory sex organ
附性器官
The accessory sex organs consist of accessory reproductive ducts and secretory glands which are involved in the transport and delivery spermatozoa to the female.
Blood-testis barrier
血－睾屏障
The junctional complexes limit the transport of fluid and macromolecules from the interstitial space into the tubular forming the blood-testis barrier.
Capacitation
获能
The process that enables sperm to bind to the egg.
Corpus luteum
黄体
During the first few hours after expulsion of the ovum from the follicle, the remaining granulosa and the theca interna cells change rapidly into lutein cells. They enlarge in diameter and become filled with
Fertilization
受精
Fertilization occurs when a few sperm are transported to the ampullae of the fallopian tubes and enter the ovum.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
卵泡刺激素
The follicle-stimulating hormone is a gonadotrophic hormone of the adenohypophysis which stimulates follicular development of the ovaries.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
人绒毛膜促性腺激素
The human chorionic gonadotropin is a glycoprotein secreted by the trophoblastic cells of the placenta during the early part of pregnancy. HCG stimulates the corpus luteum to release estrogens and progesterone.
Implantation
植入
The blastocyst reaches the uterus and attaches to the uterine wall, it involves interactions between the endometrium and embryo. Implantation occurs about 7 days after fertilization.
Menopause
绝经期
The period during which the cycles cease and the female sex hormones diminish to almost none is called the menopause.
Menstrual cycle
月经周期
The monthly rhythmically changes in the rates of secretion of the female hormones and corresponding changes in the ovaries and sexual organs during the normal reproductive years of female.
Menstruation
月经
Sloughing of the functional layer of the endometrium resulting from corpus regression and withdrawal of steroids.
Ovulation
排卵
Ovulation is the setting free of the ovum from the ovary.
Ovary
卵巢
The primary reproductive organs of the female are the two ovaries, which produce ova and secrete the sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone.
Pregnancy
妊娠
The process in which the fertilized ovum eventually develops into a full term fetus.
Progesterone
孕激素
Progesterone is a steroid hormone produced by the corpus luteum and placenta which causes secretory changes in the endometrium and breasts.
Sertoli cell
支持细胞
The sertoli cells provide the germ cells with nutrients and stimulatory factors. They also secrete a number of substances including androgen-binding protein (ABP) and inhibin.
Testis
睾丸
The primary reproductive organ or gonad of the males are the testis, which produce spermatozoa and also secrete the male hormone, testosterone.
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