【掌握】 呼吸的基本过程;肺通气的动力和阻力;气体交换的原理及其影响因素;肺容量、肺通气量和肺泡通气量;氧离曲线及其影响因素;呼吸运动的反射性调节。
The basic process of respiration; The power and resistance of pulmonary ventilation; Mechanisms of respiratory gases exchange and their influencing factors; Pulmonary capacity, pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation; Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and it’s influencing factors; Reflex regulation of respiration.
【熟悉】 氧容量、氧含量和氧饱和度的概念;O2和CO2在血液中的运输形式;呼吸中枢与呼吸节律的形成。
The concepts of oxygen capacity, oxygen content and oxygen saturation; Forms of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood; Formation of respiratory centers and rhythmical breathing.
【了解】 呼吸道的功能;人工呼吸。
Function of airways; Artificial respiration.
【概念】 呼吸(respiration)、腹式呼吸(abdominal breathing)、胸式呼吸(thoracic breathing)、肺内压(intrapulmonary pressure)、胸膜腔内压(intrapleural pressure)、顺应性(compliance)、表面张力(surface tension)、表面活性物质(surfactant)、潮气量(tidal volume)、余气量(residual volume)、功能余气量(functional residual capacity)、肺活量(vital capacity)、时间肺活量(timed vital capacity)、每分通气量(minute ventilation volume)、肺泡通气量( alveolar ventilation volume)、无效腔(dead space)、呼吸膜(respiratory membrane)、通气/血流比值(ventilation/perfusion ratio)、血氧饱和度(oxygen saturation)、氧解离曲线(oxygen dissociation curve)、呼吸神经元(respiratory neuron)、肺牵张反射(pulmonary stretch reflex)、中枢化学感受器(central chemoreceptor)、外周化学感受器(peripheral chemoreceptor)、
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